While is sunrise of east horizon
One decent sunny knits
While is placating drowned the sun
While is bitter nots hope know where

Maybe hush is not seeming
Second by second quaking
Who are I? whereabouts I now?
Of which my origin? I am at a loss

I want to ask
But same who I can
Maybe I just can
Accounting second

And it
And it what does knit
Refractive throne I transit
One that I dream all this time

I round my intention
With all hope
I knock your heart door
The sun t reappears
Hotly
One word,one heart,one conduct

9 Teches For halting bethinks Negative

stop thinks negative To most of us, think negative maybe have is part of self. While is strategical inappropriate things, we easily perceive depression and can't see the sunny side of that instance …
Get negative think doesn't take in where, but make bad plus feel, ago will ensue performa we lets down. It can become circle that don't tipped.

Jessica Padykula suggests nine teches to prevent and settles aught negative thinks as follows:

1. Life at current.
Thinking up past or future is thing that often makes we alarm. Scarcely over us panic because present term instance. If You find to collect thoughts you terkukung in what already happens or what do be become, remember that just today that we can control.

2. Say positive thing on thyself
Say on self You that You heavy duty, You can. Utter that thing is perpetual, whenever. Particularly, begin day by saying positive thing about thyself and that day, don't care if that day You shall hard take a decision or You even not trust what already You say on thyself.

3. Believe on tries a fall positive think
If You think positive, upcoming positive things and handicaps will feel lighter. On the contrary, if You get to collect thoughts negative, negative things will befall You. It is jurisdictional universal, be like that of law of gravitation or energy interchange. Won't edge out to change Your patterned thinking, but its effort equals result who You can pluck.

4. Don't populating self.
Research what do make You get negative think, fix, and back to forward. If that thing can't be fixed again, stop complains and downing on narrow bones since that thing will only while away and Your energy, also makes You to perceive plus bad. Accept what already happen,study of that thing, and back to forward.

5. In focus on positive things.
While is we are adequate get negative think, we oftentimes forget will what do we have and more get focus on what that don't we have. Make one thanksgiving journal. Not its time problem, every day writes five six happening positive thing on that day. That positive thing can as things outgrow or even merely little things as ‘ today sunny ’ or ‘ today's evening eating boggles ’. Up to You make a abode consistence to do this activity, it can change Your negative thinking becomes positive a thought. And while You begin to perceive get negative think, read that journal back.

6. Move
Get endorphin's undone sport that can make Your feel gets better. What that merely walks to drawn round block or even runs ten kilometers, physical activity will make us perceive better. While are You perceive down, sporting activity fifteen minute get to make You perceive better.

7. Dealing has cold feet you
Emerging negative feel of has cold feet, becoming Your fear will live, becoming a lot of negative think in self You. If You afraid of something, does its something. Have cold feet is part of life but we have option for don't let to have cold feet discontinue us.

8. Novelty attempt
Trying novelty can also increase self-confident taste. By saying yes on Your life opens more a lot of chance to get growing. Come away think ‘ yes, but … ’. New experience, little or big, making life feels more agreeable and beneficent.

9. Change viewpoint
Don't something walk with every consideration, sought for trick to see that thing of more viewpoint positive. In each daring most earns profit, in each gain exists daring.

APPRECIATION

Engorged culture Epoch
(Pinisi La Tojang's Staging note)
By: Syamsul Rijal*

Hysterical clamor a mother at one hall. At its peripheral accompanied by soothsayer gets saline, soothsayer assistant, and mother husband that wants to bear that. Clamor that break down audience stillness at simple hall namely Mattulada's Auditorium Unhas's Art Faculty. That clamor make mother mother audience remember term is hard while bear, teach severally female audience that constitute mother candidate and father candidate about just how is hard bear.
After a while male baby was outward of its mother womb. Thank God. One kebahagian who felt by that family that bears. A mother has passed one elongated struggle. More or less nine months the duration.
Fathers very happy. It takes its child, carried on the back then cradled by happiness full. Its taste no something which more beautiful but waiting which ends by appointment. Elongated waiting a father to a that never been seen previous. Its gender unknown, its face unknown,and healthy unknown or not it. And menegangkan the most is living or not it baby who will fose to universalize.
Extinct lamp, scene shifts. After a while, Fathers, mother, and its son that named La Tojang performs triad. One little family. Entah what does be taken fathers of its child then packaged as copulation and is slipped at its skullcap, it kisses its child then entah's going goes to which its stage. The child that understood what what just let its father goes to pitch upon. Just mother its that contemplates.
Extinct lamp, succeeding scene is mothers swinging La Tojang. With lovesome, Mothers swing its child and waiting until asleep child. Song Cakkaruddu Atingrono are not miss of mother mouth that warbles melodious. This song remind audience about how our oldster before with lovesome look after its child while sings song Cakkaruddu Atingrono . Besides, this song is full meaning if dicermati and is assessed deeper again its lyric.
But present, this song was angled by modern song that its meaning doesn't teach. Song Nina is Sleep ’ e.g., one that just fears nakuti childs even just to a mosquito which little. Even present, such a thing, a mother which swing its baby while warbling was its rare meets. Mostly present, mothers deposit its child to others to be mothered its over a particular period. Seemly only, now a lot of child that melle ’ perru to its oldster because really attention and untasted oldster affection by childs. One culture which crowded will education was shifting.
Suddenly one sprout of letter is accepted mothers about its husband death. Sadness can't be avoided. Its husband corpse then at squire goes to grave. Some bodies male carries it and some female which mengantarnya. Imagination at its squire corpse goes to grave be keliling carries that corpse bandstand. But one fewing to sprag audience attention is mark sense baby and its medial oscillation bandstand. One will babies and that oscillation is part of corpse burial process. Entah what means stage manager with that thing(?).
Explicitly, sentence laa ilaha illa allahu continually escorts corpse. One will make audiences getting confident if in that casket is quite a deceased person.
But that is theatre, imagination shall play. Momentary can make strained audience, momentary can make razzing audience, and momentary again can make audience gets downcast. Control strong emotion by an actor is charge outgrow from stage manager. Evenless with marks sense player that memerankan double figure. A while becomes father, momentary again becomes children. After serious, razzing again. But at there excitement it an actor, they shall be conscious of room and time.
One thing that needs to be noticed deep theatrical is stop the show one comprise of baberapa type and viewpoint that variably. Even there is between they that don't want to understand about how process one copy be lifted onto staging bandstand. They even sometimes don't catch to order that passed on by stage manager.
There is 2 type stop the show theatres that often lets fly a lot of question. First, audience that really understands about theatre. They usually get see all gap and lack for as little as whatever in one staging. But it usually is peopled have so long get to struggle at theatrical the world. And having a lot of theory and reference about theatre. They sometimes too far think that never been thought up by actor and stage manager.
Both of, absolutely audience a loss to understand about theatre. This usually is person that first time witnesses theatre staging. So sometimes ask things that actually not necessarily been asked. They also sometimes don't catch symbols or imagination that featured by stage manager. All this type is fairly its existence in one staging.
Scene succeedinging to feature severally children is playing. La Tojang is little not diikutkan by its friend. La Tojang drives out it.
“Why are they hate me? This that gara gara must father that goes to pitch upon leaves we ”, so word La Tojang one will down on narrow bones and blames its father. While its mother just can get downcast.
So one goes on it, until a while La Tojang rebuked by its mother so doesn't get hand lap goes on and spree with comate its coeval. La Tojang was enjoined to go to sawah or goes to market so can get study from there..
“We are not as before again Nak! Sawah is your father remainder stays one slot again. La Tojang, rezki that shall look for Nak!”, so its mother word.
But La Tojang incorrectly catches will its mother utterance. She paraphrases if rezki it is searchable by goes abroad. Even its mother takes issue, La Tojang makes a abode to depart. Its intention was rounded.
“Really display most flower, canoe prohibition blows over to go to beach ”, sentence this is that progressively burn La Tojang's spirit to go goes abroad.
Guitar string passage and violin and flute blow escorts to step La Tojang's departure gets to calm atmosphere. Affected audience. Remind will Bugis Makassar's men while go abroad. Evenless with Song poem Goes Out To Sea that sounded pass on to give my regards / wahai kecipak goes out to sea / on warm bugisku earth progressively starts up atmosphere. kreasi's dance Considerate Lopi not misses to swing audiences while escorts La Tojang's departures.
Scene shifts. Hereafter umpteen female menumbuk paddy. Mappadendang's song goes on to escort it that makes to stop the show leach in melody and voice smoothness vokalis Singleds-space Music.
Successful La Tojang at country person. She then listens news if its mother at kampong is taking ill. This time La Tojang don't melle ’ perru. She shall return to its native land.
Now La Tojang gets in. Silvan girl circuits dancing Paddupa picks up La Tojang's arrivals. kebahagian gets to mix coming downcast gets to assimilate along with arrival La Tojang. Its taste, no something which more beautiful but waiting which ends by appointment.
La Tojang draws near its mother in a state pain. It hugs its mother while asleep in its cuddle. Song Cakkaruddu Atingrono back to mengalung soft of vokalis's voice Singleds-space Music: Eti Yusrianti.
“La Tojang! You was homewards Nak! Get married with your cousin!”, so its mother word before exhale breath most eventual and berkahir's story. That dialogue denotes setting this story still viscous will long time cultures. Now this pairing culture is well-nigh destroyed engorged modern era.
In this Pinisi La Tojang's staging, there are many mengungkap point culturizes that beginning destroyed, was destroyed and available too collaboration among cultural before and now. Its story ingredient is interesting and not monotong makes to stop the show not saturated sees it.
But one makes this staging stories strong reducing it be bandstand property that really minim figures setting story. Eventually this story have passed severally term, beginning from La Tojang is borne, stripling, departed goes to earth go abroad until come back to its native land. In theatre, all it need there are many costume and manner makes-up that has to differentiate each incident time.
Both of, there are several scene that utilizes both of bandstand flank namely left and right concurrently. Scene as it fewing to trouble audience concentration. View stops the show will be broken down so sometimes available dialogue or send away for that no time is a prey to audience. Eventually that is inklud one deep unity one story.


La Tojang : Bugis's language: La is its mean Bugis's male greeting, Tojang means oscillation.
Cakkaruddu atingrono : Bugis's language with the meaning dozes to get asleep.
melle ’ perru : meaning Bugis language not tofu responds love, have no sensed humanitarianism.

Giving cleverness to man to solve problem

1. PHILOSOPHY METHODS
§ Analisis
analisis's savvy in philosophy activity is details of terminologies or questions in its part so we gets to do checks on contained meaning. For example is telling “ reality ” hereunder.
“ What one that table something tangible?
Intention analisis is do konsepsional's ala check to meaning and terminology that we uses deep statement which we for. With analisis, we will get meaning a new one, and tests terminologies with various example.
§ Sintesis
Sintesis as effort look for unity in diversity. Fathom a meaning, gather an obtainable science. Since in thinking system collation one expert thoughts (filosof) going upon its think can be gotten, its result will better and more accurate.
Logic is about scholarship concludes or straightening and describing about orders / procedures to reach conclusions from premis premis.
In philosophy area there are some method. Indigenous method says meto des, its mean wends, via trick, road. diartikan's frequent method as road thinks in scholarly area. Method in philosophy area is as follows:
a. Critical method, which is mengalisis terminology and opinion, with propose question continually until reality that is asked.
b. Intuitive method, which is by undertaking instropeksi intuitive, with uses symbol.
c. analisis's method abstraction, which is by way of comes to pieces or menganalisis at airy (at in the mind) until comes up reality (found by answer).
2. PHILOSOPHIES NATAL HISTORY
Talk about natal and philosophy developing in the early natal it is inseparable with developing (knowledge) science that its appearance on Antic civilization term (antic greece term).
On year 2000 SM Babylon's nations the living ones at Nile valley (Egypt) and Eufrat's river, have known weighing means, ranked number table, multiple table by use of ten fingers.
Pyramid that constitutes one of keajaioban universalizes that, one that apparently its makings apply geometry and mathematics, pointing out its cerebration was tall. Besides, they even can arrange object watch activities skies, well star, moon, the sun, so gets to predict eclipse well lunar eclipse and solar eclipse.
§ Antic Greece term
Greek lies at asia minor, its resident life as fisherman and business man, because largely its resident living at beach region, so they can gain control trade route at Mediterranean Sea.
Their wont is living at free nature as fisherman that is colour trust that be followed, which is bases nature force so get that assumption human relationship with San Creator Mighty gets formalization character. Its mean, The Infinite position is diqoined with human life.
Trust, one that gets formalization character( natural religion) don't give freedom to man, this ditentangnoleh Homerus with two opuses its that famous, which is Ilyas and odyseus. Both of that Homerus's opus load tall point and gets educative characters. In such a way big Homerus's opus role.
On SM's 6th century, bermunculan thinkers which its trust gets rasional's character (cultural religion) evoking shift. God no longer separate with human, but just menyatu with human life. Trusty system that natural religious changed as system culture religious.
An old hand at thoughts first time that its appearance is Thales (625 - 545 SM) one that successful develop geometry and mathematics. Liokkippos and Democritos develops material theory. Hipocrates develops medical science, Euclid develops deductive geometry. Socrates develops theory about moral. Plato develops theory about IDE. Aristoteles develops theory that concerns to universalize and object, and successful gathers 500 animal types (biological knowledge). A success that admirably from Aristoteles is find thinking arrangement system (formal logic) one that thus far still recognised.
Pro thoughts this Antic Greek tries to make concept genetic nature despite of previous have available about that concept. But then, its concept gets myth character which is mite kosmologis (about universe derivation) and mite kosmologis (about derivation and instance character in universe) so their concept as look for arche (germinal) universe. That thing be called as filosof nature.
Since philosophy thinking aim its on universe, its thinking pattern called by kosmosentris. In the meantime, pro thoughts as Socrates, Plato, And Aristoteles. The living one on Antic Greece term tenor its thinking on man, therefore philosophy thinking pattern called by antroposentris. It was caused to aim thinking pro thoughts that Classical Greek insert man as subjek who shall on hands to all its action.
§ Middle Age term
This term started by comes into the world it europe philosophy. As it were

Language understanding

On Greece epoch philosophers analyzes what do intended with language and whats reality lingual. Philosophers that is in agreement that language is sign system. Said that living man in bear evidence of that ranges all human life facet, e.g. building, kedokteran, health, geography, etcetera. But hits language reality – if lingual kindred reality or not – them haven't are of the same mind. Two philosopher outgrow that its thinking goes on having for until now be Plato and Aristoteles.
Philological scope
In common, philological area can phonetic, phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantic. Severally those area is worded deep following chapter sub this.
Phonetic
Phonetic points on lingual sound articulation. Phoneticians was successful determine articulation trick of a variety language sound and makes international phonetic alphabet so make easy someone to study and utters no sound in its mother tongue. E.g. in english language available a marked difference among sound tin and thin, and among they and day,.
International phonetic alphabet, one that backed up by phonetic laboratory, linguistics department, UCLA, studied essential by all boss, notably chief state. Ably read phonetic alphabet precisely, someone can give oration in hundreds languages.
Phonology
Phonology points on lingual sound system. E.g. in english language, there is consonant bunch that naturally is hard to be uttered by english language native speaker because in conflict with englishes language phonological system, but that consonant bunch maybe gets easily be uttered by other language native speaker that it phonological system available that consonant bunch.
Morphology
More morphology a lot of points on analisis mold elements says. As compare of simple, one expert of pharmaceutical (or chemical?) need to understand substance what do get to get dashes with a substance givening to result effective flu doctor; the same as one expert of english language linguistics needs to understand augmentation what do get gummed with a word givening to result word that really. E.g. suffix ¬en can be gummed by dark's adjective to form darken's job word, but suffix ¬en can't be gummed by green's adjective to form job word. Its reason of course just gets to be worded by linguist, meanwhile language user may just direct utilize that word.
Syntax
Analisis is syntax points on analisis phrase and sentence. One of kemaknawiannya is its role in legislation regulation formulation. Severally cognitive analisis syntax can point out if a sentence or phrase in a legislation regulation gets ambiguous character (wherewith double) or not. If wherewith double, obviously needs available given fitting so that legislation regulation not good disalahartikan witting and also not deliberate.
Semantic
Study semanticing to work through hit language meaning. Analisis is meaning in this case beginning of syllable until sentence. Semantic Analisis can point out that deep english language, each word which have syllable ‘ pl ’ have something mean that evenly so ill suited for product name / deep-sea object. An old hand at semantic can also prove syllable what do tend to have negative meaning, so that syllable necessarily doesn't be utilized as name of insurance product.
Philological formative history
Linguistic goes on amends and progressively play essential role in world scholarship.
Tradition sets influential Latin greek go to another Europe languages. dionysius Thrax's structure on century 5 deciphered into Armenia's language, then into Siria's language. Hereafter pro manner arabicing to absorb Siria's structure.
Yen analyzes languages at European actually was begun before Renaisans's epoch, for example with be written grammatic Irish (century 7 m), Eslandia's structure (century 12), etcetera. On that term language becomes medium in kesusastraan, and if as research object at constant university in sekeletal traditional. Reputed structure as art of speaking and writing correctly. Grammatic main task is give points about using up "good language" , which is intelligentsia language. Using up road map "good language" this is subject to be avoid its happening elements using up that can "wreck" language as word of uptake, manner kepts the ball rolling, etcetera.
Besides at Europe and Western Asia, lingual research at Asian south one needs to be known is at India craftily its grammar that bemama Panini (century 4 SM). Sanskrit's structure that was arranged by this pro have excess at phonetic area. This top for example since marks sense compulsion to pronounce aright and on the nose invocation and song in Weda's innocent book.
Until draws near Renaisans's epoch, language that is analyzed is greek, and Latin. Language Latinning to have essential role on that term because is utilized as medium in world education, administration and international diplomacy at European West. On Renaisans's epoch language research begins amends to go to Romance languages (Prancis's language, Spain, and Italian) one that looked on by berindukkan Latin language, also to languages that nonRoman as english language, Germany, Dutch, Swedish, and Denmark.
To know genetis's relationship between language was done to methodic comparabilities. Among year 1820 1870 pro linguistics successfuling to build systematics relationship between Novel languages base phonological structures and morfologisnya. On year 1870 it linguists of Junggramatiker's groups or Neogrammarian successfuling to find tricks to know interlingual kinship relationships bases to methodic comparabilities.
Severally successful lingual clump direkonstruksikan until this full age for example:
1 ). Eurasian clump: german language, Eurasian Iranian, Armenia, Baltik, Slavis, Romance, keltik, Gaulis.
2 ). semito Hamit's clump: arabic, Hebrew, Ethiopia.
3 ). Chari's clump Nile; Assistive language, Khoisan.
4 ). Dravida's clump: Telugu's language, Tamil, Kanari, Malayalam.
5 ). Austronesia's clump or Malayo-polynesian: malay, Melanesia, Polynesia.
6 ). Austro Asiatik's clump: Mon Khmer's language, Palaung, Munda, Annam.
7 ). Finno Ugris's clump: Ungar's language (Magyar), Samoyid.
8 ). Altai's clump: Turkish language, Mongol, Manchu, Japan, Korea.
9 ). Paleo Asiatis's clump: languages at Siberia.
10). Sino's clump Tibet: Chinese language, Thai, Tibeto is Burmese.
11). Caucasia clump: North caucasia language, South caucasia.
12). Indian languages: Eskimo language, Sioux's virtual, Hokan
13). Other languages as lingual as at Papuan, Australia and Kadai.
Junggramatiker's clan success reconstruct proto's languages at European regard thinking pro century linguistics 20, for example Ferdinand De Saussure. This master not only is known as modern linguistics father, but also a strukturalisme's movement figure. In strukturalisme language is looked on as system that gets bearing (system of relation). Its element as word, sound each other gets bearing and dependent in form that system.
Severally subject Saussure's thinking:
1 ). Main more oral language instead of lingual writes. Writing just constitute medium that represents ujaran.
2 ). Linguistics gets descriptive character, not preskriptif as on traditional structure. Pro linguistics on call describes how person converse and writing deep its language, don't give decision how someone necessarily converses.
3 ). Research gets synchronic character be not diakronis as on century linguistics 19. Although amends language and changed, research is done on kurun particular time.
4 ). Language constitutes a two-sided sign system, consisting of signifiant (awl) and signifie (petanda). Both constitute form that don't most come to pieces, if one of changed, another one also changed.
5 ). Formal language and also nonformal becomes research object.
6 ). Language constitutes one relation systems and have structure.
7 ). Differentiated among language as system that exists in lingual wearing kindness mind of a social group (langue) with language as manifestasi each penuturnya (parole).
8 ). Differentiated among asosiatif's relationship and sintagmatis in lingual. asosiatif's relationship or paradigmatis it antarsatuan's relationship language with satuan any other since there is form or meaning equality. sintagmatis's relationship it antarsatuan's relationship sintagma's mold by polarizes a satuan with satuan any other that follows or preceding




INDONESIAN
HISTORY AND LINGUISTICS FLOW
HISTORY AND LINGUISTICS FLOW

In its developing history, chockablock lingusitik various streaming, concept, approaching and from outside enquiry descries it so intricate, mutually contrary and flurrying, particularly divides initiates. But, actually the whole lot that will add our knowledge to area and linguistics study.
1.1. Traditional linguistics
Person serting polarizes traditional linguistics and linguistics because both of this grammatic type there are many spoken by parent as two interfering thing consequent of approaching both that unegual to lingual reality. menganalisis's traditional structure language bases philosophy and semantic, meanwhile structural structure bases structure or aught formal marking in a given language.
In formulate traditional grammatic job word say job word is say one to declare for action / instance. Meanwhile structural structure in declare for job word is say one can distributed with phrase “ by....”.
1.1.1. Greece Epoch linguistics
Thing that is polarized filosof Yunanai hits language reality be (1 ) discrepancies among fisis and nomos, (2 ) discrepancies among analogy and anomali. Language gets nature (fisis) fathom a meaning that language have derivation relationship, source in eternal principles and can't beyond substitute that man is alone, therefore can't be refused. Language gets mean convention character it, meaning say that were gotten from tradition pickings / wonts that have possible can changed.
Analogy discrepancy and anomali concerns that language problem the latest something / fits and starts. Analogy clan, for example Plato and Aristoteles, opine that it gets set character. Since marks sense regularity that is person can arrange structure. Figure / clan that gets big role in one at language:
Ø Sophis's clan arises on SM's 5th century. They are known in studi language, for example since:
a. They do empirical ala job.
b. They do ala job must by use of particular criteria.
c. They really memntingkan bisang retorika in studi language.
d. They memedakan sentence type bases to fill and meaning.
Incorrectly a Sophis's figure, which is Protogoras, dividing sentence as sentence narasi, sentence asks, answering sentence, imperative sentence, write-up sentence, invocation and invitation. Other figure, Georgias, speaking lingual style as one we knows now..
Ø Plato is the living one before century masehi that, in studi language is known, for example since:
a. She disputes analogy and anomali in its book “ dialogue ”. Also interpose artless language problem and lingual conventional.
b. She releases language limitation that its sound roughly speaking lingual is statement collect thoughts man with onomata's intermediate and rhemata.
c. She is person that first time differentiates onoma's deep word and rhena.
Ø Aristoteles is incorrect a Plato's student. In studi her language adds one class say be division up that made by its teacher. Plato, which is with syndesmoi. So terminological Aristoteles there is 3 kind brazes to say, which is onoma, rhema and syndesmoi. One that intended syndesmoi is more word a lot of on call in syntactical relationship. So, syndesmoi this more or less equal to class preposisi and konjungsi what does we know present. She differentiates word gender (or gender) as three, which is masculine, feminine and neutrum.
Ø Clan Stoik is agglomerate philosopher which pasa's amends 4th century startup SM. They differentiate studi language logically and studi is grammatic ala language. They differentiate three main components from studi languages, which is (1 ) signs, symbol, sign / semainon, (2 ) meanings, what semainomen / lekton the so called, (3 ) lingual outdoor thingses namely objects / situations. They differentiate legein which is sound which form a part of phonology but not wherewith and propherental which is lingual sound utterance that contains meaning. They divide part of speech become 4, which is noun, say job, syndesmoi and arthoron which is word which declare for gender and active job word and passive job word.
Ø Alexandrian's clan bear opus “ dionysius Thrax's Structure ” as a result they in menyidik kereguleran greek. This dionysius Thrax's book comes into the world more or less year 100 SM and as sikal forthcoming traditional structures.
1.1.2. Roman epoch
Figure on Roman epoch that popularly for example, Varro (116 - 27 SM) with De Lingua Latina's opus and Priscia with Instituciones Gramaticae. In De Lingua Latina's book that consisting of 25 volumes, Varro stills also mendebatkan analogy problem and anomali, this book deep dibadi etymology areas, morphology and syntax. Etymology is branch linguistics which investigate therewith word derivation its mean. And transformation happening and meaning change says. Morphology is branch linguistics which study word and its forming. Priscia's structure, this book consisting of 18 volumes. 16 volume hit morphologies and 2 volume hit syntaxs. This book fledged utmost that announced by speaker in origin and its structure theories constitute lingual talk main crossbars traditional alae. Facet those are spoken in this book, for example:
a. Phonology, in phonology area firstly been spoken writing and font is lutterae the so called (a part most littles of sound who can be set down).
b. Morphology. In thisa is spoken about diccio / says (a part minimum of ujaran's something and has diartikan separate in meaning as one entire).
c. Syntax. Area syntacticaling to speak thing is oratio the so called, which is grade manner says that gets harmony and point out that sentence finish.
in's book have become latin structure basic and fisafat is middle ages.
1.1.3. Middle ages
Of this middle ages equitable one to be spoken deep studi language, for example is play a part modistae's clan, Spekultiva's structure and Petrus Hispanus.
modistae's clan speak discrepancy among fisis and nomos and discrepancy among analogy and anomali. They get role in formative at stimologi's area. spekulativa's structure constitutes to usufruct lingual grammatical description integration latin into skolastik's philosophy. According to structure spekultiva, say is not straightforward represent nature of object that is pointed, say just represents thing to mark sense that object in various trick, modus, substansi, action, quality, etc.. Petrus Hispanus, beliau has once become Pope, which is year 1276 1277 by Johaness's Pope title XXI. Its book gets Summulae Ligicales's title. Its role in lingiustik's area for example:
a. Inserting psychology in analisis language meaning, differentiate among signifikasi main and konsignifikasi, which is savvy distinction on shaped character and savvy that contained by augmentations.
b. Differentiating nomen on 2 kinds, which is nomen substantivium and nomen adjectivum.
c. Differentiating partes orationes on kategorimatik and syntategorematik. Kategorematik is all form that cans be subjek / predikat, syntategorematik is a form another speech.

1.1.4. renaisans's epoch
Renaisans's epoch is looked on as epoch of modern century opener. Effloresce Arabic linguistics quick because arabic position as lingual as islams innocent book. There is 2 arabic flows, which is flow Basra who get analogy concept influence of kufah's Greek and flow epoch that give attention to lingual variety.
If we conclude discussion regarding traditional linguistics, which is:
a. On traditional structure is not recognised adanay the difference among ujaran's language with written language. Therefore, at lingual paper just lays on written language.
b. Language that arranged by its structure described by takes directives of latin languages, particularly lingual latin.
c. Lingual methods to be made prespektif's alae, namely is right / false.
d. kebahasaan's problem oftentimes described by involves logic.
e. Former method finds tend to ever be been kept.
1.2. Strukturalis's linguistics
Ferdinad de Saussure (1857 - 1913) looked on as father of modern linguistics bases laden view deep Course De Linguistiques Generals's book that is arranged and published by Carles Bally and albert sechehay is year 1915 (so 2 setalah de Saussure's years dies). Ferdinad de Saussure differentiates to mark sense 2 subjective kinds which is relationship sintagmatik and paradigmatik's relationships. Relationship sintagmatik is subjective among elements which exist deep a graded discourse alternately, get linear character. Relationship paradigmatik is subjective among elements which exist deep a discourse with elements a sort that has no in pertinent discourse.
In streaming phonology area praha gives huge influence. praha's flow this is that firstly differentiates explicitly will phonetic and phonology. Phonetic studies that sound is alone, meanwhile phonology studies that sound function is deep a system. In streaming phonology area praha this also introduces and developing a terminology so-called morphology, area that analyze morphemes phonological structure. Thisa analyze happening phonological changes consequent subjective morphemes with morpheme. In Vilem Mathesius's syntactical area tries to study sentence via functional approaching. Information structure concern theme element and rema. Theme is what do be spoken, sdangkan rema is what say so about theme. Each sentence contain theme element and rema.
biosematik's flow comes into the world at Denmark, its figure for example, Louis Hjemslv (1899 - 1965) one that keep on Ferdinand De Saussure's teaching. Its name gets wind because effort it to make linguistic as knowledge which selfsupporting, free of other knowledge, with equipment, methodological and terminologis own. Analisis is language is begun from discourse, then ujaran it dianalisis on constituents that have relationship paradigmatis in order to forma (intern's grammatical relationship), substansi (external category of object significant), expression (verbal /'s medium graphics) and content (meaning).
M.A. K Haliday which is false a firth's student that develop fith menganai's theory language, notably which pleases by kemasyarkatan's facet language by the name of sistematik's linguistics flow. systemic linguistic's view dicta (SL) are:
a. SL gives full attention on lingual sociological facet especially about lingual social function and how that sociological function telaksana in lingual.
b. SL sees language as “ executor ”.
c. SL moring to accentuate pemerian given language marking variation therewith it, are not / insufficiently be alive to language universe.
d. SL knows to mark sense gradation / kontimum. Oftentimes language item boundses woolly.
e. SL figures 3 main levels.
Amendses causative factors its streaming quick alae strukturalis at American on year 30 an:
a. On that term linguis at American face same problem which is Indian language myriad at American yangbelum is given.
b. Bloomfield's attitude that refuses metalistik in line with effloresce philosophy climate on fact who that dicocokkandengan can fact who can be observed.
c. Between linguis linguis that there is relationship which well, since marks sense The Linguistics Society Of America that publish Language's magazine; place container reports to usufruct their job.
Developed strukturalis flow Bloomfield with its frequent fellow men also so-called Bloomfieldian / Post Bloomfieldian's taxonomy and flow flow, since gets beginning / stem on Blomfield's idea. Called by taxonomy flow because that flow menganalisis and mengklarifikasikan is language elements bases hierarkinya's relationship. In menganalisis kaimat, mislanya was utilized by tech Immediate Constituensts Analysis (IC analiysis) to see direct elements that build tesebut's sentence.
Tagmemik's flow pioneered by kenneth L. Pike, meanwhile figure at Summei Institure Of Linguistics, one that heirs Bloomfiled's views, so this flow also gets strukturalis's character, but also antropologis. According to this flow base satuan of syntactical is tegmen (formation) tagmen is correlation among grammatical function / slot with a galaxy morphology which can mutually be interchanged to fill that slot. In succeeding developing, both of tagmem's element, which is function danbentuk (or logistic filler category) need to be added too with role element (meaning filler) and cohesion (binding among satuan satuan lingual) one that form hand in glove braid.
1.3. Transformasional's linguistics and later Flows
Ø transformasi's structure
Can say transformasi's structure comes into the world with publishes it Noam Chomsky's book that gets syntactic Structure's title on year 1957, are next developed because mark sense criticism and tips of a variety party, in 2nd Chomsky book one gets Aspect Of The Theory Of Syntax's title on year 1965. Developed name for developed structure model by Chomsky it is Transformational Generative Grammar; but in prevalent indonesian to be called transformasi /'s structure generative structure. According to Chomsky one of aim of language research is arrange structure of that language. Each structure of a language, according to Chomsky Is constitute theory of that language is alone and grammatic it shall accomplish 2 requisites, which is:
a. Resulting sentence by grammatic it shall get to accept by language user most conceive of sentence which fairly and unaffected.
b. That structure has to get form in such a way face, so satuan / is terminology that is utilized is not up on language phenomena most indeed and all these matters have equal with cognitive given linguistics.
In line with concept Langue and Parok from de saussure, therefore chomsky differentiates to mark sense ability (competence) and language conduct (performance). Ability (competence) are gnostic one be had by user language tetap lingual it, meanwhile conduct gets language (performance) are that lingual using up alone deep real situation. In this generative structure, therefore that as object it is its ability, even conduct gets language also essential, and one needs and pulling to a lingual researcher is method one be used at speaker to make sentence that be uttered.
transformasi's structure comes into the world to coincide by publishes it syntatic structure's book on year 1957. Theory that is interposed in this book often been called by the name of “ transformasi's structure classic ”. Mark sense acclaim that as criticism and tips on lacking whatever available in that theory cause its appearance again book chomsky on year 1965 by Aspect Of Theory Syntac's titles. In this book. Chomsky has perfected its theory knows sintaks by arranges severally change which prinsipil.
Unlike grammatic strukturalis who tries to describe given language marking, therefore structure transformasi (and equals tradisonal's structure), try to describe kesemestaan's marking language. Then, since on its cognitive beginning grammatic it is used to describe english language methods, therefore then while sectarian pata this theory tries to utilize it to other languages arises various problems. Therefore, remedial efforts were done by ex students / fellow secondhand this flow. For example that did by generative semantic clan, cases grammatic flow and relasional's structure flow.
In year theory 1968 Fillmore derestricts to foot up that case, but in version 1971 in a bind on kausus agent, eksperiencer, object, means, source, field goal and referential.
- Agent is perlaku conduct / one does a conduct.
Example: conduct eats, kick and taking in.
- Eksperiencer is one experience persitiwa psychological.
Example: I and she in sentence “ I know ” and her “ have cold feet ”.
- Object is something that hit by conduct / one experiences a process.
Example: ball and house in sentence “ Dika kicks to serve a ball ” and “ Lurah's Pack build house ”
- Source is situation, place / time already
Example: Bandung in sentence “ tu's Bus comes from Bandung ”.
- Field goal is place situation / time be next
Example: teacher in sentence “ She wants to become teacher ”
- Referential is referenced
Example: Husin in sentence “ Husin my friend ”
Ø relational's structure
relational's structure arises on year 1970 an as daring as direct to some assumption which the most basic of cognitive syntactical one designed by transformasi's structure flow. The same as with transformasi's structure, relasional's structure also tries to look for kesemestaan's method language. In this case structure relasional (TR) there are many attack transformasi's structure (TT), since looks on that TT's theory unappliable on other languages besides english language. Theoritically grammatic relasional, each structure kalusa consisting of network relasional (relational network) ynag involves 3 maujud's kinds (entity), which is:
c. A set of until (nodes) one that feature elements in a structure.
d. A set of relasional's sign (relational sign) one that constitute grammatical relationship name that slung by that element is deep its relationship with other element.
e. A set of “ coordinates ” one is used to point out on level which that element sling given grammatical relationships to the other elements.
1.1. About Linguistics at Indonesian
Initially observational dialkukan's indonesian by pro Dutch and European another, with aim the favor colonial governance. At the early 19th century and early governances 20th century colonial need badly information tetap lingual that is at earth utnuk's Indonesia smoothens the way colonial governance at Indonesian, beside utnuk other behalf, as pervading as Christian religion, fledged information danluas tetap lingual that vernacular, particularly vernacular penuturnya's one there are many, are momentous deep going administration and colonial governance wheels. Therefore, research to that vernacular really been encouraged oelh Dutch colonial governances that. There are many master is transferred goes to various region to do language research.
In line with developing and becoming animate it stidu linguistics, on the fifteenth 15th November 1975, on initiative a number linguis senior, stand up kelinguistikan's organization that diebri Indonesian Linguistics Society name (MLI). Three year once MLI arranges national deliberations. Besides speak organization problem, also seminar hits dengah's linguistics presented problem by membered. To complete its existence, since 1983 MLI publishes one journal which given by indonesian Linguistics names. Go away before publish it Indonesian Linguistics Journal actually Indonesia have available linguistics magazine that utilize England medium language. This magazine is more recognised by the name of NUSA blazed the way by its publisher by Prof. Dr. J.W.M.
Enquiry to Indonesian vernaculars and lingual basional Indonesian, there are many too done by person outside Indonesia, Leyden university at Netherlands already have length history in observational archipelago languages. Over there, for example available Uhlenbeck with its far-flung study to javanese, there is Voorhove, Teeuw, Rolvink and Grijins last with jakarktanya's dialectal study. At London, America and still a lot of again that utilize study about indonesian.
According to function it as national language, pesatuan's language and state language, therefore indonesian descries it to sit four sentral in deswasa's linguistics study this, well at home affairs and also beyond seas.













HISTORY AND LINGUISTICS FLOW



Studi is linguistics experiences 3 formative phases:

1. First phase (venture phase)
2. Second phase (observation and classification phase)
3. Drd phase (cognitive formulation phase)
TRADITIONAL LINGUISTICS
In formal education to be known traditional structure terminology (menganalisis is language
base philosophy and semantic) and structural structure (base formal marking
whatever available in a given language).

GREECE EPOCH LINGUISTICS

Subject problem that becomes discrepancy linguis on greece epoch which is:
1. Discrepancy among fisis and nomos
Thing that is questioned philosophers Greece if that language gets nature (fisis)
or convention (nomos). Intention of the nature is lingual it has
derivation and source relationship in eternal principle and can't beyond substitute
that man is alone (naturalist clan). Have say that conventional clan lingual
get convention character (nomos) with the meaning meaning a word is gotten from result a
tradition / wont who may can changed.
2. Discrepancy among analogy and anomali
Opinion analogy clan as Plato and Aristoteles interposes that
language gets set character. Meanwhile anomali's clan opines that that language
get disordered character.
SOPHIS'S CLAN
Its figure which is Protogoras and Georgias, dividing sentence as sentence narasi,
ask, answer, instruction, reporting, invocation and invitation. They work empiric ala, must,
really accentuate retorika's area and differentiates sentence type base
meaning and content. So is known as studi language.
PLATO
? She disputes analogy and anomali in its book dialoog .
? She releases language limitation that its sound language is statement collect thoughts
man by the instrumentality of onomata and rhemata.
? She is person that first time differentiates onoma's deep word and rhema.
ARISTOTELES (constitute one of student Plato)
Terminologicaling it, there is 3 kind braze to say which is onoma, rhema and syndesmoi.
Terminologicaling it also, there is 3 word sexed kinds (gender) which is masculine, feminine
and neutrum.
Thing that needs to be known is she give savvy, definition, concept do ever
leave with logic.

STOIK'S CLAN

? They differentiate studi language logically and structure.
? Creating special terminology for studi language.
? Differentiating legein and propheretal.
ALEXANDRIAN'S CLAN
Forthcoming Cikal grammatic traditional it comes from to bind books dionysius Thrax
.
ROMAN EPOCH

Studi is language on Roman epoch to be looked on sequel of Greek epoch. Figure that
popularly is Varro, with its opus De Lingua Latina and Priscia with its opus
Institutiones Grammaticae .

Varro and “ De Lingua Latina ”

? Etymology is branch linguistics which mnenyelidiki derivation therewith say in origin.
? Morphology is branch linguistics which investigate word and its forming.
Varro divides to braze Latin word in four a part, which is noun, say job,
partisipel and adverbium.
About case, in greek available 5 numbers, sedangkang in lingual Latin
according to Varro there is 6 numbers which is nominativus, genetivus, dativus, akusativus, vokativus
and ablative.
About declination (changing morphology), Varro differentiates to become declination
voluntaris's naturalist and declination.

Institutiones Grammaticae (Priscia's structure)

One that equitable being spoken about that book:
a. Phonology, spoken by writing / font is litterae the so called (a part most littles of sounds
one that gets to be set down). Name letters to be called by figurae. So-called sound point potestas.
Differentiated sound becomes vox artikulata, vox martikulata, vox litterata, and vox
illiterata.
b. Morphology, speak about dictio / says. Say is differentiated as nomen,
verbum, participum, pronomen, adverbium, praepositio, interjectio, and conjunctio.
c. Syntax, speaking thing is oratio the so called (manner arranges word that gets harmony and
pointing out that sentence finish).

MIDDLE AGES

Of this middle ages petut's one is spoken in studi language, for example:
Kaun Modistae , speaking discrepancy among fisis and nomos, for example analogy
and anomali. spekulativa's structure, constituting grammatical description integration result
latin language. Petrus Hispanus, have once become pope by exhibits Paun Johannes XXI
with book gets Summulae Logicales's title.

RENAISANS'S EPOCH

Looked on as epoch of thinking century uncovering modern century. Hebrew language and
Arabic a lot of studied person at the early middle age. Arabic linguistics
quick amends because arabic position as lingual as islams innocent book.
European languages and lingual outdoor languages European.

STRUKTURALIS'S LINGUISTICS

1. Ferdinand de Saussure, constituting modern linguistics father with Course's book

de Linguistique Generale. In this book is worked through about concept studies sinkronik
and diakronik, the difference langue and parole, the difference signifiant and signifie and
sintagmatik's relationship and paradigmatik.
2. Alirah Praha, its figure which is Vilem Mathesius. In this flow is differentiated with
explicit among phonetic and phonology.

3. Gelosemantik's flow, with Louis Hjemslev's figure. Menganalisis is language is begun

of discourse,then ujaran it dianalisis on constituents that
having paradigmatis's relationship.
4. Firthian's flow, popularly with its theory hit prosodi's phonology. There is 3 kinds
prosodi's subject:
o Prosodi who concern phonemics affiliate.
o Prosodi that molded by joint / interval.
o Prosodi that fonetisnya's realization wents behind satuan that greater than
suprasegmental's phonemicses.

5. Sistematik's linguistics

In it available dicta:
? First, giving full attention on lingual sociological facet.
? Both of, seeing language as executor.
? Third, more accentuate given lingual marking application therewith
its variation.
? Fourth, know to mark sense gradation / kontinum.
? To five, figuring lingual main level.

6. Leonard Bloomfield and Strukturalis Is America

Severally amendses causative factor its linguistics flow:
? First, linguis America faces same problem, namely there are many
really lingual Indian one is given at America.
? Both of, Bloomfield's reject to mentalistik in line with philosophy climate on
that term at America.
? Third, mark sense The Linguistics Society Of American.

7. Tagmemik's flow

Terminologicaling it, satuan is syntax basic is tagmem that constitute correlation among
grammatical function / slot with a galaxy morphology which can mutually
interchanged.



TRANSFORMASIONAL'S LINGUISTICS AND LATER FLOWS

1. Transformasi's structure
Requisite who shall be accomplished deep grammatic:
? Resulting sentence shall get to accept by that language user.
? That structure has to get form in such a way face.
Structure consisting of 3 components which is syntax components, semantic and
phonological.
2. Semantic Generative
Theoritically generative semantic, semantic structure and syntactical gets homogeneous character
and linked by trabsformasi's method.
3. Case structure
Case constitutes relationship among verba with nomina. Verba is with even with
predikat and nomina is argument.
4. Relasional's structure
In method looks for this structure kesemestaan language. Three kind form theory
the interesting is a set of hoop (nodes), a set of relasional's sign and
a set of coordinates.

ABOUT LINGUISTICS AT INDONESIAN

Lingual research at Indonesian being done by pro Dutch and European. Its aim
the favor commanding colonial. Modern linguistics concept echo that new
get in at year-end Indonesia 50 an. On initiative a number linguis senior, stand up
kelinguistikan's organization that given by Indonesian Linguistics Society name (MLI).
Accord its function as national language, unitary language and state language, therefore
indonesian sits sentral's place

MEDIA AND LEARNING PROCESS

A. Learning Media savvy
Say “ lingual indigenous media Latin ” and constitutes plural form of “ medium ” literal trick mean “ mean ”, “intermediate ”, or “ introduction ” Media is “ intermediate ”, introduction orders from consigner go to order receiver ”.

Ala media savvy terminology:
According to Gerlach and Ely (1971) that media if is understood in broad outline is “ human, material, or instance that build condition that make student can get science, skill or attitude ”. Under this heading, teacher, textbook, and school environment constitutes media. On a more special, media savvy in processes tend teaching and learning be looked on as tool of graphicses, photografis, electronic, to catch, process, and reorganizes visual's information or verbal ”.
According to Gagne and Brigss (1975) interposed that “ learning media cover tool that physically been utilized to pass on content, teaching material that consisting of for example book, recorder's tape, cassette, camera's video film, slide / frame image, photograph, image, graph, television and computer ”. Media is source component study or physical mode that can stimulate student for learned.
Contained common marking on each defenisi media:
1) Learning media have physical savvy that hereby is known as hardware (hardware), which is phenomenal object something, heard, or diraba with the five senses.
2) Learning media have savvy non physical which is known as software (software), which is order content that exists in hardware that constitutes to fill that is passed on to student and its emphasis exists on visual and audio.
3) Learning media have tool savvy helps on good learned process at in as well as outdoor class.
4) Learning media is utilized in order to communication and teacher interaction with student in processes learning.
5) Learning media can utilize mass ala (e.g.: radio, televise), big group and agglomerate little (e.g.: film, slide, video, OHP), or individual (e.g.: module, computer, taped radio / cassette, recorder's video).
D. Media Elect principle Learning
Principle who shall be regarded deep choose learning media:
1. Memilh is media shall up on intent learning and learning material that will be passed on.
2. Choosing media has to be adjusted by student developing zoom.
3. Choosing media have with competence been adjusted teacher, well in its procurement and also deep its purpose.
4. Choosing media has to be adjusted by situation and condition of or at the time, place and situation in point.
5. Choosing media has to understand karakterisindikator of that media is alone.
Factor who shall be regarded deep choose learning media:
1. Objektifitas, its mean is media elect be not been gone upon because person hobby or just as amusement, so cares for utility and relevansinya with material and karakterisindikator of that media is alone.
2. Teaching program, choosing media has to be adjusted by teaching program, since is not all media get for all been utilized teaching program.
3. Situation and condition of, media elect shall be adjusted by teaching and learning situation, tutorial material, and school and class environment.
4. Technical quality, which is kesiapan media operational as untapped as, e.g. for recorder's tape what all still good walking or available damage.
Effectiveness and mean purpose efficiency its media purpose binds books mere because perform one of teaching component but if that media by far beneficent to make easy student mastery.

SEVERALLY PRINCIPLE WHICH CONCERNING WITH ORGANIZATION

Principle those are engaged organisational formed and in a bind by derangka referansi which is taken from a specific estimation system, conceptions (estimations) to about problem society and some common assumption hit to methodic. Besides formed and focused by sharper ala by some an understating of emphasized social force on individual and group in society, by many savvies about planning process, and by some science about empiric effort in groups and society.
Principles will work through to hit characters of organizations or associations and roles of professional employs. Professional ways of working really regard success of to the effect. To the effect that wants to be achieved deep organisational society. Associate and that process is not separate. Where is that association is alone is an instrumental one make easy to process that, one that cover formed structure by society members, to handle society problems.

ketidakpuasan With Conditions In Society Must Trigger And / Or Manures Association developing

Motif that lead peopled into societies hard efforts prodigious and complex. As ” potensialitas's image ” or effort ” ” common experimental behaviour gets to motivate persons for tries to pass various problem kind. A variety good disgruntled feels widely and visceral ones in conection with society life futures will be a more stepping stone effective for creation and development an association that have motivation and dynamics that adequately to settle there are many handicap which mengkonfrontasi various individual and group that variably which look for same medium in face society problem. But ketidakpuasan is not motif the one only that pushes toward participation and society involvement. Each group has same motivation that not only enables to settle some handicap which is faced deep that process, but gets to provide a dynamics and life quality for associate that undiscovered one on associate one mothered by milder motif or middle-of-the-road more ones.
Associate effloresce of ketidakpuasan's seeds to aught condition in society, that thing began by a ” same feels ” to behalfs and a ” same wishes ” to its intensity. Progressively strong sensory that, therefore getting in its trouble and getting visceral its confidence, so will the greater motivation it for effectively utilize association in solve problem where exists ketidakpuasan.
Associate intent to develop and keeps society integration will emerge as a result from ketidakpuasan to condition of aught and has to continue by sensitivitas what do in ketidakpuasan. Associate emerging from ketidakpuasan can be really ” face greater handicap deep look for agreed procedure method, since there is deepness in feeling about operation it but it has a vitality and mean for its member that makes it as a dynamic force in society life.
Ignorance constitutes a process where men be given freedom of speaking, identifying its requirement and in reference to that another deep handle its requirement. If ketidakpuasan there is, that thing will process deep appearance this, if no therefore that process will stop operating. If really ever been been begun, there is two movement those are utilized to bear out and also to argue validity of ” ketidakpuasan's theory ” which is: movement ” Barkeley's crisis ” and ” movement to selma ”. Both of its movement meyatakan that big society consciousness gets to be achieved deep agglomerate protest, and dripakarsai's society consciousness, mothered, and amputated by dramatises and focus ketidakpuasan about ” freedom ”. Besides, ignorance, conflicting opinion and behaviour also constitutes a process to arise penialain's estimation a new one.

ketidakpuasan Shall be focused And is channelled Into Organization, Planning And Action Concerns Specific Problems
To give motivation for acting, therefore ignorance shall be focused at one particular which specific. ketidakpuasan that don't focus often constitute main obstacle to action whatever, ketidakpuasan not only needs is focused but also needs disalurkanj into a structure passes through which something can be done to aught problem. In society organization, peopled one realises and terganggun about a period therefore needs for unites, for initiating discussion about problem and scope (scope) that problem. Plot how to settle it and with guidance it is begun a performing programs. Exploration of ketidapuasan's taste needs realistik's ala and its rev that have in many been focused approachable aim.

ketidakpuasan Who Initiates Or Keep Society Organization Shall fan out ala Extends Deep Society
ketidakpuasan is a stepping stone that reasonably divides a lot of minority movement types that variably – political parties, religious sects, education movement. But society organization is not a minority movement and can't initiate mere in consideration requirement or ketidakpuasan what does become reason pulls just requirement's or ketidakpuasan what does become reason pulls just for group is weeny deep society. ketidakpuasan shall be recognized and apprehended by a large part geographical society or functional.
ketidakpuasan that was focused on prevalent problem, that process takes in towards ” splitting off ” (parting) and minority group developments. If wants to begin society organization, differentiated must of the few movement and just gets business with problem who can result rounded assent or gets that well-nigh rounded
mendasar's ala, force of association (for the purpose society organization) lay in ordinary problems (same problem) one that concern major group in society, ability of that group to recognize this problem kooperatif's alae in settles it. Thus, while ketidakpuasan needs distimulasi and is focused deep well-being society, board of welfare tries to identify problem that constitute visceral concern for all its member.
Similarly, board of environment tries to find principal problem deep thinking various its club groups. But, anyway, person has to admit in here that presentase's large number well-being problem observer society or environmental observer society may find ketidakpuasan same where they feel a deepness in feeling.

Associate Has To Involve Leaders (Well Formal And Also Informal) One that identified With, and accepted By, Subkelompok is Major In Society
Organisational society as it were has been figured require society member participation. Since what does want united deep cooperative is its men. And what does want to be revamped be been revamped by men, one that in this process is alone changed and expected, effloresce deep its capacity.
Identification of major agglomeration (main) require severally an understating of society social organization where that effort is initiated. At North America, employs in organisational society tends to comport one will formal organizations (mostly ex gratia) range largely society insider. If participation is subject to be involve group that have membered one most (if is not the whole lot) consisting of resident (settler) of pertinent society, severally of agglomerated informal it shall be involved.
In one studi that most new to an a part metropolitan little regions has been identified ” more than 200 informal groups that doesn't be registered on institution in charge on region that is analyzed that. Size of society and ukurang is society association will determine if will get business with informal groups with 10 members or what shall agglomerate various subkelompok so 100 or 1000 member gets most front for.
But basic behalf instead of geographical society and also functional is identify from formal groups and also informal it who restrains fidelity of peopled that. Thus identifies groups for participation requires science that adequately about that society so not only that group, but also their relative behalf on that society insider, can be priced.
Most importantly, that this leaders is accepted by and positively been identified by, subkelompok that they represents. As it were has been pointed out that an oftentimes society association chooses ” Young Men that gets education ” or peopled ygn with because they divide their association appear as ” natural's bosses ” of one clubs the ways, an environmental association, or an agent / welfare delegation.
If society association becomes a forum where real perhatina and wish and the need of its men wants to be recognized, and if associate wants to have communication medium with peopled in community that, seemingly that accepted subkelompok leaders (formal and also informal) have members of that association. Such a boss can converse conclusively for its men, and with its men, since usually communication which effective available within them.
Accepted leaders and is recognized while they unite will form rather picture different of one group which consisting of ” Franks ”. They become boss not because they rejoice, nor since they so pro on appointments, tidakjuga because they have facility. Formal bosses as school teacher, ministers, priests, administrator is village, etcetera have also been involved in society association. Their participation is desirable because their ability, but also since they can get communication with individual and groups in formal social organization.
In consequence, are not all formal boss be or get to be involved deep associate. Involvement of leaders that variably require idea idea, sensory and same tradition. It is not an ala workable thing artificial and can neither be coerced. But maybe gets to be barged and difasilitasi (alleviated).
Resemblance in associate one unites society be hard-earned activity diversity, but also available time for celebration and festival. Such associate activities maybe give a lot of emotional experiences that muchly gets role in trussed strong one that built up by sentiment (sensory) same deep society.
Human needs not only feel to have to the effect which equals its kith but also need dramatise which constant will its thing. Ritual ritual yng menyimbolkan is points that dijunjung by association well worth tdak just because they thrust loyalitas to that aim but also since they unite around aim group this.
Requirement that ritual ritual will common will be appreciated by politics leaders in charge. Modern man in democratic cultures have no a lot of ritual ritual that wherewith. Therefore is not marvel that requirement will realistik's practice cause to be accepted its all medley form kind. Brotherhoods organisational affinity, e.g. preokupasi with behavioral affixed reasonable one deep manner book, giving cogent evidence about modern man requirement that ritualitas will and will meaning void from ritual ritual what does it work.
If ritual ritual can be found squashy human masnusi new that humanitarian gets most compose. They cling to existence of common point with what do purification, and just until one bounds where point such a emerge and be part of humanitarianism realities we can expect ritual ritual rasional's appearance that wherewith.

Associate Has to try To Utilize Itikan Well That Clear and Laten Whatever Available In Society
In every society exists a large amount person that has the honour to get role and for, diidentifikasikan is with and participates deep each society development effort. This is fact that often been ignored by them what do be certain that just attitude apathetic and ignorant whatever available. Its outgrows rare good faith to be known and rarely been utilized.
Everyone that is interrogated accepts to help. Seemingly, available good faith and sizable alacrity to help neighbour while its problem is understood / is known. But such, while is this same road is analyzed then hits its contribution on Community Chest, its response so forlorn. Community Chest is organisational be not own personal and complex one just slightly have meaning in this peopled life. Aught good faith may not, or at least never been utilized by Community Chest.
Wholly, employs in environmentally organisational society never know good faith and potential support one maybe hails from police force. At there are many city, staffs wishful modern police force strong to involve self with society development projects. This only one of illustration and good faith and support source that largely hasn't been explored.
In Doddy's research, already direferensikan, most of 200 studied group will most draw for involve self with sociological projects. Most of that group maybe dapt back up institusional's projects is chosen, but scanty already being approached as one group by representative institution.
All these points out that maybe available good faith and support source that extensive at constant society at mobilization in kooperatif's effort society. That thing is unexploited widely since (a ) employs not realises that such a good faith available, or (b ) know that that thing available. This the last one is problem increase its behalf, since question that perpetually to every associate is how it that mengorientasikan can its effort so it will fasten empirically and system that becomes trusty that society insider, one that eventual that its effort will really mean to divide, relevant terhadapa and accepts support of this men.
To is first, associate has to get one stage for its own effort. It is amends while its member study to collaborate, while are procedure arrange dasn while droves a hard bargain to be incurred that accept accountability that is given. Whatever tempo and that accountability marks sense, it needs to be understood all association so one active stroke gets to be determined. Needed an organisational deep beat one is felt by all member and to which all that member conforms. Main aim establishments with appointed minor aim, all with agreed-on time schedule, can help to deliver an associate deep active stroke would be convenient for all.
In there are many association, tending available a stage that ask for effort which consistence and intensive on every aught project. While gain about previous proprietary one project which catch and holds behalf all member and this group is seeming clear, are maybe also that pattern ” withdrawal and return ” (backward and back) will more good for a lot of association.
Are staged whatever available in society and stage where a society will involve them in society hard effort, one that maybe most important. In case task, in view clear the importance for adapt conduct procedure to step client one perceive cozy and edge out. Same principle to be applied deep organisational society.
Rimrock and Homestead (looking chapter 4) wholly is community that variably and employ in organisational society which hopes to start in par, and goes on walking at a speed same stage, in two its communities the lot don't realistik.
Farther, nearly all community project whatever despite it uses a relative development perfect, fixed up / adjusted one is required not at only change which is clear but also on effect changedding to other cultural aspects. Pressure will need it change or one series of change, maybe a only for meng overload or abounds in them that expected (on hands) to make change, and maybe evokes frustasi, secession, or active reject on the side they what do most regard.
If this change wants to be worked, therefore society has aptly engaged. Level where it can materialize and its happening speed clings to former relationship among groups, behavioural to society, that associate force and leadershipnya.

Associate Has to try To Result Effective Boss
In the first place, our attention in here about boss type that will make easy society organization process, one that will help sentral's association becomes productive, and one will help deep developmental moral deep associate and also society.
If there is one prevalent fact found about leadership, therefore that is that leadership that is a complex role with multipel's function, and with many changing and prescriptive interaction what behaviour that reasonably deep this role. For example, Bales 8 have pointed out that in the much work group which little need available ” popular boss ” and ” job boss ”. Both of that leadership's function, according to Bales 8 rarely been found deep one person. But on chief type second moment this knows and transfer order each and collaborate to reach to the effect group, their meka will form team leadership that strong.
Severally membered agglomerate maybe accept leadership's function to give it satisfaction or special satisfaction type the other maybe accept leadership's function to process or special aspect processes, severally may carry on leadership's functions specials in its relationship with special aspects of satisfactory and also process. That thing points out that the that sentral's figure not going all leadership's function, dasn indeed, that leadership's functions that it carries on also cling to leadership's capacity of that group member where it as chairman or sentral's figures. We have referred on Eisenstadt's research ’ s dasn the importance for to place boss that is recognized positively. Observational little another, examinee to some difference on 13 group where formal bosses to be accepted and are advocated and where formal leaderses are not supported, point out:
On every criterion of effective group function as it were that fathomed by rating partisipatisan's observer, mean rank of leadership's group formal higher strong of leadership's groups formal one rans down. Mean rank to is first that is at least two position overbid in participation volume, tips benefits, far ranging participation, level cooperative and accepting
Cartwright and Zander, in concludes a number area deep research this, set down: All boss in this experiment externally been thrust on that group, but meskiupun is leaders such that one tendinging to distribute fungis leadership ala widering to get performa group that generally been viewed as ” better ” deep our society. While are production fathom, its result is higher. While is interpersonal's effect is fathomed, its result: more amicable. And while kohesivitas is fathomed apparently stronger.
Observational intensive more one to 16 group where dirotasikan's memberships so every membered working deep 5 groups that variably on task kind sort concludes:
Subjective found points out that ala individual member signifikan mempengeruhi characteristic of little groups. In common found that functioning group effective facilitated by cooperative, efficiency, and knowledge, while behaviour that our naming ” utnuk's fight individual protrusion ” reduces kohesivitas and peopled group comradeship that ripe and gets character to accept will make easy while full men suspect dasn gets character not accept will press group characteristic that points out logistic smooth one.
Severally support to have say it hails from other research that evoke serious questions whereof all groups at any given place will more function effective with leadership that gets pemisif's character and sharing (shared).
Question about towards which that group will distribute leadershipnya's function usually constitutes either one complication which outgrow. Since in here we have group ” recognised boss ”, each dengann leadership's concept own, each indigenous background which rather different, each by expectation that variably about how necessarily a chairman carries on its task. As it were with another procedures, shall be worked by tech ” trial and error ”, but maybe on consciousness zoom.
A variety new tech as pengggunaan observer, procedural ” feedback ”, voice recorder purpose, and another mediums, can really make easy developing, and is still scarcely over be utilized in here, in the most complex relationship deep society.

Associate Has To Soup Up, Stability, and Authority at Society
Organisational society is one process which move towards cooperative step-up among society group while fronts with common society projects. Associate cans be one sombol society collaboration. Peopled daslam association and functioning way that association, can represent idea idea actualization a lot of masyrakat's insider. If bermksud works this effectively, therefore that association has to have force in its relationship with agglomerate boss involvements that accepted and also in its own right to troubleshoot elaborate society. Such a associate will win dasn's participation support of men, and wills be a symbol who will back up and triggers society collaboration.
Backing up Myrdal's utterance, can be said that psychological obstacle that needs to be settled deep make more society collaboration effective is get bearing with of making leaders, and its agglomerate afters they dasn in the end everybody, to have loyalty to the effect with, dasn to perform it while, practically, cooperative society very poor.
Associate wills be loyalitas's symbol only when it has loyalitas that enough to make it as symbol that beneficent. But it is not target that separatedly; they are amends and appearance with associate that beginning with security and loyalitas is minimum; while is it go on amends and incredulity on the wane and effloresce self-confident taste, loyalitas increases, one that is inserted into association, will aim on statelier attainment, one that in turn increases state, one that in turn again makes it a more object wherewith for loyalitas.
If association becomes competitor of groups in society, or takes over projects or activities that traditional ala comes under on groups in society, therefore opportunity for cooperative will really decrease. Society insider is free not collaborate while they are threatened and one sinister associations by any means to existences of given traditional groups as are not loyalitas's objects but curiosity objects. If it is understood, if atmosfir divides association appointment be accepted and uncritical, and if support was given to divide subkelompok's activities, therefore opportunity for cooperative thus will increase.
Associate one is built up for collaboration shall get ready to enmity overflowing, as victim, retirement threat, retaliation and failing. Reproved Jaques in here is that this instance can't be avoided; that they shall ever be solved, since by tries avoid it will only delay end product; and that just via grasp self therefore a group will can get cohesion and productivity.
So one group has developed knowledge and skill in recognize force that is engaged state, authority, security, authority, curiosity, enmity and memory of bygone instances, therefore this force no longer colour next discussions and nor blocks progresivitas that as as previous. Get business with them need a part smaller one of group activities, absorbing energy lessing and memungkinnya to settle on a more effective problems available on written agenda.
If association gets to carry on a process that aims at one particular grasp zoom self, therefore it can anticipate sizable release deep its effort. But such a process can't at recommendation without collaboration of society groups. In other words, what do be figured Jaques, are a process technical who can (we believe) concerned only by professional help that competence. Associate unaided professional having skill high has to try to build comradeship, respek, accepting, and confidence will aim what do will enable its to face and settles attacks from within or organization externs.
For example of tries a fall it is reaction from Y.M.C.A at North American to criticism to usufruct their job with ketentaraan's service on I. PD this Criticism ekstensif, found outside and deep Y.M.C.A and its character really wrecks. But Y.M.C.A is still withstand and by scanty handicap against which that attack ferocity. And it withstands without ever been available understanding one be clear about what happen, what causative balloon filling focuses enmity on Y.M.C.A, why severally membered deep organsasi that suddenly turns back to defy that organization. It can withstand since forces that modestly but amazing. Y.M.C. A. have well-nigh at decentralisation utterly at Canada and USA. Y.M.C. A. also men spesialisasikan self in ” comradeship ” (a present terminology low-down / humiliating) one that emphasize warm relationship, familiarly and brotherly in Y.M.C.A'S job and it aims on strong personal cords deep organisational that.
There are many organization ” last lives ” of such a experience as it were family experience stress's periods. May society association shall begin by tries to build to the effect with it, shared sensed about society problems, its confidence that they can collaborate, its vision to future. Thing it is bands force which fundamental. Of this basic moving association into processes self education (learning self) where is it learnedding to develops procedure, membered beginning mutually understands and accepting, it has dasn's fruitfulness failing and it tries to understand each its thing, it takes to carry the ball affix and amends in do that thing, leaders and its member becomes more berpengatuhuan about society, themselves,and how for collaborates. Yielding of this process is associate maturation and gradual's ala society. While is that association pass through this process, detached creative energies, associate it moves with freedom and new confidence.

ROLE OF PROFESSIONAL EMPLOY
In this chapter we will try to develop one employ role concept, and we will do it with merinci one for viewpoint about role as a whole that will guide all one did by professional employ. If gestalt this was understood, therefore employ function in situated whatever will be clear. Maybe will immanent question about how it is advisable going logistic given, but if our concept about employ role passed on by adekuat's ala, therefore won't there is question about role or its function in situation whatever.
In us next part will work through roles of professional employs (a. ) as guiding as, (b ) as enabler (person that enables nun [of] something), (c ) as one expert and (d. ) as therapist.

GUIDING ROLE
Main role
Main role of professional employ in organisational society is that of wizard that helps society to establish and finds trick to reach to the effect its own. Role of a wizard here contain mean a that gets dedication to help society for moving on a more effective toward which be chosen. Guiding that has severally accountability to help that society sagaciously choose this aim, with consideration to a lot of factor where it (guiding that) realising it because its science membership.
Preferensinya on given projects or on given action bands in society always being placed behind its main aim which is help functioning society effectively deep its bearing with its requirement. And this requirement, it admits it, shall determine that society organization. It realizes that process where this requirement is identified is essential aspect of that process where a society gets to develop gradual's ala capacity to recognize and settles its problem its problem.
An English Colonial official give picture was borne hand by writer that really useful in this case. Official it was fired off to go to one village to help and pushes men over there to introduce new plant, one that is perceived will give crop result and superordinates financial income be borne hand islandic silvan that. It starts to play ball with islandic silvan that by that at least equal to that suggested in here, which is by explores on conceptional silvan resident their about their requirement. Emerging problem is that, while is that men express their view, as clear that what is first they want are watering system a new one and that they not perceive to need or want to revamp their plant.
In conflict among what does descry as one principle which well and needful action aim it, it tries to follow that principle. It pushes men to manage and settles that water procurement problem, one that they do with dasn's enthusiasm success. That fact afters all these years this village have capacity bigging to revamps and settle their own problem just relevant play favorites on this problem.
Will there is they what do suggest that thing upon irresponsible adekuat's ala to society can't in accurate figure to identify their requirement, or to society that identify requirement or target that by ” pro ” looks on it invalid. Incumbent on picture upon perceives that it ” correctness ” deep recommend new plant, but in final analysis what do ” correctness ” deep this case only estimation problem and estimation oftentimes men is more adekuat than pro estimation.
Bonded professional employ on program that price rights rights, tradition, and society wish. Professional employ targets are declared for deep its bearing with given process where aims, tempo, and relationship character is determined not by that employ, but by society.
Professional employ doesn't refuse to push discussion, asking question that aim, centralizing think, etcetera. On problems that it believes to be of important. It restrained by its main aim which is help that society is alone to realise its own requirement and to find medium for collaborates on this requirement. Its task thus always diregulasi by consciousness so on the dot where it takes over to carry the ball from society, pretty much for studying and amends in thus society most deductive.

Initiative
Role of wizard is not one of laissez faire . Professional employ in organisational society maybe not only seizes the initiave deep approach a society that haven't asks for favor, but it can seize the initiave on a number of things in working with type society whatever. Its role as guiding as, as person that push local initiative, pettily that it is operating just as sectarian as passive.
Maybe task most difficult for an employ is with seeming society apathetic, fits and starts debauched its behavior. Herein that employ faces gordian-knot deep menstimulasi a requirement taste for life is more adekuat. There are many be pleased with status quo. In a few professional employ situation may seize the initiave deep arouses ketidakpuasan. But it acts such a just in meagrely gnostic about society culture, with awareness of potensialitas they and with severally concept about how become it future if situation lethargy that time can be settled.
To it that employ tries to help problem root consciousnesses that advisable constant latent , opening this problem, to allow negative feel expression as prerequisite as needs to divide more expectation positive, to push first positive expectation and for menstimulasi organization to channel and centralizes wish for acting. In all these it can seize the initiave. But as has already have been worded by rinci's ala, if it wants regular on objective its profession, it won't thrust its own view about ketidakpuasan specific what does have to be worked. It tries to arouse awareness of aught condition, to push initiative and for initiating a process. Even deep society which ” healthy ”, that employ maybe needful to seize the initiave deep its relationship with this problem.

Objectivity
Employ professionaling to try for objectivity to conditions in society. In this case it alike with psikiater, one that recognize phenomenas as what marks sense –ekspres handicap expression from within and more is alive to bagatelle factor and on its care than okay or cries down on given behavioural phenomena. Without perceives to please by aught conditions, that employ gets to accept that situation as what marks sense. It doesn't criticize, don't make cast compare society into situated that doesn't advantage or not act in its indicative moods own comes from communities or superior group. It understands that ignorance, personal behalf, trusty and custom rigorous one, aggression and enmity, and behaviour that don't consistence, one that gets to be found deep each community. All it is part of its area. It accepts it as aspect that inescapable of society life, and as force that it shall alone dealing as it were in society. They are factor that value added give on complexity and also to its task behalf.
As has already been named, professional employ, indeed on tasks early phases its in society, don't express feel whatever to condition in society. It doesn't praise and nor blaming. Since by undertaking one of it that merupaka will attack to sensitif dalamkehidupan's dot society and destroys that her benefit society. But since it is left on in that society, while is it has understood that community character, and knows its men, it may get beginning recognizes how it can that society benefit (1 ) society aspect that it shall accept to pitch upon and don't even deep future foreseeable emerging as topic of discussions, e.g., a potbound religious controversy visceral diamana pact (indentured) job / task has been cast before its arrival in that society; (2 ) –daerah's regions society life that constitutes ” dot ran down ” and ” dot blind ” and ones so it own has been accepted, can it arise as topic of discussion – e.g., harnessed traditional of particular farm that ever be been utilized for same plant, someway that will wreck this farm; leadership's role concentration (leadership) on some bodies; ”starving ” of one or more ethnical group by issues / negate they of social and organization life in society (3 ) society life characteristics that it can and necessarily praise – e.g., cooperative project that really sukse at ancient; indication marks sense to good give a damn and kerelaan.kemauan for plays ball with groups any other; fight to establish or holds society problems; efforts to reach grasps self in society association, etcetera; (4 ) –usaha's group or effort in society that require its support e.g., agglomerate ethnical fight little one to get admitting and acceptance; calm and cautious efforts of associate societies to look for agreements / assents and a modus operandi (ways of working).
Identify With Society
Professional employ in organisational society is recognized (which is association) by society as part of they all, not as part of one of a part or agglomerate deep that society refuses for gettings stuck or utilized by one of group or class in society. Its main task is help men to find wields process where decision be incurred stand up with to unite groups that variably, in mengklarifikasi problems, expanding region that becomes concern with deep society, in establish process and procedure where a society gets decision with.

Accepting to Role
Professional employ in organisational society has to study to accept and perceives its role cozy. Employ that don't function comfortably in its role, with its explicit limitation, shall studying for habitually with that thing or it won't can withstand by this role. Once more, one scene gets to emerge where society association decides to approach a superordinate government officials to ask for help and professional employ is asked for to captain one delegate of that society its function one is subject to be help that society accepts and carry on accountability.
Professional employ that welcome temptation of this situation, one that expects to become ” recognised boss ”, one that wants ” make parade ” and peckish one confession will divide ” its role ” deep that work, excluding part of thisa and can't success in its bearing with aim those are worded in here.
Interpretation to Role
Professional employ shall study to interpret its role so that role gets to be understood deep society. This has it do, persistent ala and consistent, in situated medley. Will there is bnyak peuang such a one opportunity will be utilized by employ that jealously to give image about what does it understand will be take on answer him.

ROLE ENABLER
In common terminology, role from enabler is strictly for make easy that society organization process. But this role same medley and its complex with every situated one was faced by that employ. But such, following generalizing can little bit word this role.

Focusing ketidakpuasan
Employ professionaling to help or enabling, by arouses and focus ketidakpuasan to condition of society. To some bodies, ketidakpuasan this so in is buried so is required a lot of membership and patient to make easy them express it, and divides that another, voicing ketidakpuasan will take in enmity overflowing that is led in many the few group. In society that have problem about its child care it temporary works, this is personal problem, but if there is 20 cases be, therefore wills be society problem or social problem. In the first place, it does its thing by pushes voicing, by becoming audience which patient and with pro check.
Employ role hereof is that of catalitic agent (contact action agent = tool that hastens) one that help men to notice themselves, to see under surface and investigates its feel that most deep about society life. One serious fault and happening oftentimes of employs professional is subject to be push not quite the ticket optimism to fast trick and easy deep reach for approachable fruitfulness by society. But peopled see that problem realistically, they seemingly nimble will most disenchanting with its pickings.
Pushing Organization
On mostly community is is not easily for moves towards organization. Apathetic attitude is a pattern social disablement on mostly rural society, and that passive attitude is oftentimes constitute normal thing. Thus an employ has to be gotten things square to recognize society organization process as one of which oftentimes so slowgoing. But it leans against on that assumption process where that society insider gradual's alae finally admits on themselves that they have same problem, superable only by cooperative, are base one essential for developing and growth.
Thus, first essential task of enabler that is make to step start and makes easy process where ketidakpuasan, one that by most that society insider feels it pointedly, most identification. But even that trick typing then has been gotten things square with every consideration, severally faltering society on organisational thing. Individual or group will move only if situation a new one that more keep faith cozy and rejoicing than present moment and / or if they are motivated firmly to drawn out what do they understand as a desirable movement.
Even if all this condition available, that professional employ shall there are many set at ease they who come up organization problem and then perceive doubt. To it, role enabler requiring estimation to one how much push can be given, one how much support is given. But is clear that accountability to take action lays in that society through its association, it shall admit failing, it shall accept accountability for this on eventually if happening.

Petting Good Interpersonal Relationship
Professional employ also tries to increase big satisfaction in subjective interpersonal and deep cooperative. It takes in warm and agreeable influence deep meet agglomerate and society. To this to the effect it shall alert not at only physical condition and psychological one gets such convenience, but tries as to establish this condition wield itself to make easy it. Peopled gets to enjoy collaboration while they begin to know each other and feeling what do get they do ala go together.
In jobs early phases in oftentimes employ society is link the one only among groups that variably at that region. What do be laboured by the societies deep employ be harnessed her is not strictly for manage physical appointment but also appointment where relative men frees for mutually meets without fear dasn curiosity. Indeed, that employ has to admit that that society hasn't dependent on its permanent ala for going such a role, and that it shall gradual's ala move to carry the ball it while society insider develop memberships for mengemban to carry the ball that own.
dlam's professional employ society helps to move or running around ” obstacles ” for collaborates. Ordinary employ to be relied more at second hand, and in more meaning superfisial, methods to get businesses with such a obstacle: (1 ) it tries to emphasize to the effect with, (2 ) it tries to quiet storms, (3 ) it works langusng's alae in many obstacles to collaborations.
In a few situation, cling to their own interest and that group force, it can interpret on that association many of society life aspects that seemingly divides it to prevent or hinders society so association effort that gets the picture and get business with individual and social pressure that will create stress and rupture.
Emphasizing Aims with
Professional employ tries to help so deep that process consistency kept by aim result effective plannings and also society capacities. Societies associate insiders tend to become really is mixed up in particular task so they lose prespektif, even don't lose antusiasismenya. Professional employ shall keep its objectivity, shall have the honour to lift questions about time, subjective and loading. It shall know will society overall, project and process. It shall see problem subject in processes and be able to lift question that helps agglomerate that to get perspective, savvy will move and new business with longterm aims. And it it shall do without reduce antusiasisme, attack or makes that task is observable so elaborate.
As a enabler , it diorientasikan in aims to help men to express their attention about social problem to find “ same bases ” by its membered in society and to reach satisfaction in cooperative.

PRO ROLE

As one expert, employ role is provide data and direct advise on to amount to region where it is authoritative for speaking. As one expert, it provides penelititan's data, penglaman is technical, significant which advantage, its method advise, one that maybe needed and needful by associate that deep its operation. Function type that carried on by pro gets slightly word differences in roles.

Society diagnosis
An employ gets personation a ” pro ” deep morphological and society diagnosis. Employ shall also have membership in methodics research, can carry on research alone, and formulates research policy.


Information About Other Societies
In addition, that employ have about been informed riset, observational and experimental task in another societies. It shall be able to to introduce on society with developed project else where and to beneficent principle one was taken from by it.
Suggest / Advise About Method
That employ gets also have pro science about organization and procedure method. That employ has informed with every consideration and be able to provide significant which advantage deep strategical technical. That employ has to be able to bridge gap among availibility of sources and society the need to needed source.
Evaluation
That employ shall also utnuk can provide many evaluations or interprestasi processes collaboration that is carried on. Professional employ shall can be not strictly for understand by discussion content objectivity, but also its interaction and influence process on individual and group.

ROLE WAS DAMPED DOWN BY SOCIAL
Severally professional employ in functioning society as therapist of social. This is logistic one be majored that figured by Tavistock Institute Of Human Relations's job result and by some industry project outgrows in thisa. Therapy on level society words to be diagnosed and society care as a whole. Such a care shall thru carry on groups or boss that represent. If society is able to recognize idea and practice idea that potbound deep it, menyuarakannya and beginning settles it, therefore that thing maybe results capacity (as it were individual and group) to function on a more effective as an integrated unit.
One example abbreviates from contrived job on this zoom is yielding writer job with Israeli Kibbutz. sementera talks shop this was constrained by its reducing time, but there is umpteen of essential judgment to be diagnosed and society care as a whole attending.
The Kibbutz is collective agricultural arrangement where all working member for society, have severally personal effect, accepting food, dress, housing, and health care, according to their requirement and society sources. All job plotted by its member, duty assignment turned over by official that is chosen, benefits of is utilized for goods, one that appraised by members in meet, best of all needed by society.
Stress in a few Kibbutzim looks clear upon writer visits them (vernal and summer 1953) and exploration to this stress cause are carried on. Total and subtly of bagatelle factors can't be reported utterly in here but conclusion abbreviate of severally that factor that doesn't be appraised in common necessarily enough to point out origin of that diagnosis.
masyarakt Kibbutz's ideology charge big person sacrifice and disciplined and just slightly enable flexibility. To the effect basic of Kibbutz's society is linked with Zionism thinking about ” open region / country for prisoners / isolations ”. Theoretically Kibbutz's society gets flexible character, with new committees to be addrest and key position are filled out each year it based on membered option, even preconceived there is flexibility, work lents fund social role tend to become regulars and stiff.
There's only few picture of some factor which descries to constitute stress in three Kibbutz that studied. Herein we less most shove to press this diagnosis farther than give factor type that shall be assayed deep a diagnosis. Conscientious examination to such a factor not only give sources of mostly thing which shaped deep appearances behavioural one wreck, but also constitute causality where members of that community not ala is aware realise it.
In one Kibbutz where exists more a lot of awareness of stress and where an exposed division in community that is threatened, requested writer informally to suggest method in handle that society. gradual's ala, one concept of that problem is formulated and many plan are incurred to settle it. One that important enough in here which is that concern focus in society is angled of a period one riots, stress maker and can't be solved at that moment,towards more problem fundamental ones every thing can recognize and that all gets to regard it meagrely increases objectivity. This focus shift that matter ” same base ” a new one have is of service and one reference framework a new one be provided where all fraction gets to meet to work through problems with. Farther, thing it is meant rearrange many coexistence aspects, and it by itself functioning as kohesif's force in that society.
As it were has have been worded by method difference employs in organisational society and social therapist is one of zoom, this the last one is handled on deeper level oftentimes compulsively which unrealised and oftentimes with interpersonal's subjective pattern that ground and fundamental.
In this chapter to identify multiple diverse aspect of employ professional role in organisational society. Our social therapy give in addition, a not to mention role is recognized / is admitted and hasn't yet been accepted by society employ, therapy constitutes an umpteen one work that experienced gets to get experiment with help of practitioner of other knowledge discipline. Logistic of that employ is deep organisational society is subject to be make easy society organization process and it does it by helps society struggle to reach an integration zoom while it aggressed by severally its problem.